Two ways of counting in Korean
how to say Years, Months, Weeks and Days.
First of all I am going to introduce the 2 ways of counting in Korean.
Sino-Korean (한자 숫자 / 중국 숫자 / 중국식 숫자)
Chinese-Korean Number, number that has Chinese origin.
I have written the 한자 characters of each. But it isn't really necessary
1 - 일 一
2 - 이 二
3 - 삼 三
4 - 사 四
5 - 오 五
6 - 육 六
7 - 칠 七
8 - 팔 八
9 - 구 九
These are Numbers of Korean origin
1 - 하나
2 - 둘
3 - 셋(석)
4 - 넷(넉)
5 - 다섯
6 - 여섯
7 - 일곱
8 - 여덟
9 - 아홉
10- 열 20 - 스물 30 - 서른 40 - 마흔 50 - 쉰 60 - 예순 70 - 일흔 80- 여든 90 -아흔
100 - 백* There is no pure Korean number for 100.
3석 and 4넉 are old Korean words. Although they are still used, sometimes, for traditional uniting. A Korean grandfather would probably know about this.
0 - 영/공
0 - 영/공
Korean Numbers
Are used when counting : People, Age, Objects, Animals, Time(Hours), Events (mostly the physical things that we can touch and see.)
Sino-Korean Numbers
Are used when counting : Price, Year, Months, Week, Days, Time(Minutes, Seconds), Measuring, Metrics, Floor (Building floor, 1st floor, second floor), International Age, Scores.
How to count: People(명), Age(살), Objects(개), Animals(마리)
Notice that (1)하나 becomes 한, (2)둘 becomes 두, (3)셋 becomes 세, (4)넷 becomes 네, (20)스물 becomes 스무 when adding a counters to them 명, 새, 살, 마리, or used as a counter.
To count People, you have to add [(Noun) (x) 명] to the persons that you want to count.
ex. 저는 동생 두 명이 있습니다. - I have two siblings.
친구 세 명이랑 같이 갔어요. - I went with three friends.
선생님 다섯 명이 있는 거 같아. - I think there is five teachers.
To count Objects, You have to add [(The thing) (x) 개] to the thing that you want to count.
ex. 김밥 한 개를 먹어 야 지. - You have to eat one 김밥.[(kimbap) a korean food]
펜 두 개가 있어요. - I have two pens.
그 PC방은 PC 열 개가 있어요. - The PC방 has Ten PC. PC방 = Internet Cafe
To count Animals, you have to add [(Animals) (x) 마리] to the persons that you want to count.
ex. 곰 세 마리가 한 집에 있어. - There are three bears in one house.
in the case of 한 집
그 강아지 네 마리가 귀엽네? - Aren't those four puppies cute? (in an admiring way)
Age , you don't really count age. You will not be saying I have 3 ages. You can simply say you are x years old by adding [(x) 살이다] after the subject
ex. 저는 열일곱 살이에요. I am seventeen years old.
제 친구가 스물살이에요. - My friend is 20 years old.
Times, Times as in (I did x y times) [ (x)번 (Verb) ]
ex. 저는 오늘 수업에서 세번 잤어요. - I slept 3 times in the class today.
나는 게임 한번만 했어. - I only played 1 game.
sometimes you might be encountering peoples counting without counters:
두 사람 봤어요 - I saw two people
세 사람 나왔다 - Three people came out
사람 세명 would be weird to hear
세 사람 this would be more natural to say, 명 means Person and it makes it redundant
세명 만났어요, would be ok but, if you were already talking
about meeting 3 persons like:
곰 세 마리 가 한 집에 있어~ - There are 3 bears in one house.
Now this you have probably heard. It is a lyrics of a song
한 can mean a few things : One, A, An, The, Some
곰 세 마리 가 한 집에 있어 - There is Three bears in a house.
Years (년) (Sino korean numbers)
Koreans usually ask the birth years.
[My birthyear is~0000] (0000~년생이에요)
이천일년생이에요 - My birth year is 2001구사년생이에요- My birth year is 1994
[I was born at~0000] (0000~년에 태어났어요)
이천일년에 태어났어요. - I was born at 2001
천구백구십사년에 태어났어요.- I as born at 1994
Words about years
Last year - 작년/ 지난 해
지난해 vs 작년. 올해 vs 금년. 다음해 vs 내년. soon
Sino-Korean Numbers
Are used when counting : Price, Year, Months, Week, Days, Time(Minutes, Seconds), Measuring, Metrics, Floor (Building floor, 1st floor, second floor), International Age, Scores.
How to count: People(명), Age(살), Objects(개), Animals(마리)
Notice that (1)하나 becomes 한, (2)둘 becomes 두, (3)셋 becomes 세, (4)넷 becomes 네, (20)스물 becomes 스무 when adding a counters to them 명, 새, 살, 마리, or used as a counter.
To count People, you have to add [(Noun) (x) 명] to the persons that you want to count.
ex. 저는 동생 두 명이 있습니다. - I have two siblings.
친구 세 명이랑 같이 갔어요. - I went with three friends.
선생님 다섯 명이 있는 거 같아. - I think there is five teachers.
To count Objects, You have to add [(The thing) (x) 개] to the thing that you want to count.
ex. 김밥 한 개를 먹어 야 지. - You have to eat one 김밥.[(kimbap) a korean food]
펜 두 개가 있어요. - I have two pens.
그 PC방은 PC 열 개가 있어요. - The PC방 has Ten PC. PC방 = Internet Cafe
To count Animals, you have to add [(Animals) (x) 마리] to the persons that you want to count.
ex. 곰 세 마리가 한 집에 있어. - There are three bears in one house.
in the case of 한 집
그 강아지 네 마리가 귀엽네? - Aren't those four puppies cute? (in an admiring way)
Age , you don't really count age. You will not be saying I have 3 ages. You can simply say you are x years old by adding [(x) 살이다] after the subject
ex. 저는 열일곱 살이에요. I am seventeen years old.
제 친구가 스물살이에요. - My friend is 20 years old.
Times, Times as in (I did x y times) [ (x)번 (Verb) ]
ex. 저는 오늘 수업에서 세번 잤어요. - I slept 3 times in the class today.
나는 게임 한번만 했어. - I only played 1 game.
sometimes you might be encountering peoples counting without counters:
두 사람 봤어요 - I saw two people
세 사람 나왔다 - Three people came out
사람 세명 would be weird to hear
세 사람 this would be more natural to say, 명 means Person and it makes it redundant
세명 만났어요, would be ok but, if you were already talking
about meeting 3 persons like:
어제 친구 3명 만났어요? Did you meet 3 friends yesterday?
네 어제 3명 만났어요. - Yes I met 3 friends yesterday.
곰 세 마리 가 한 집에 있어~ - There are 3 bears in one house.
Now this you have probably heard. It is a lyrics of a song
한 can mean a few things : One, A, An, The, Some
곰 세 마리 가 한 집에 있어 - There is Three bears in a house.
Years (년) (Sino korean numbers)
Koreans usually ask the birth years.
[My birthyear is~0000] (0000~년생이에요)
이천일년생이에요 - My birth year is 2001구사년생이에요- My birth year is 1994
[I was born at~0000] (0000~년에 태어났어요)
이천일년에 태어났어요. - I was born at 2001
천구백구십사년에 태어났어요.- I as born at 1994
Words about years
Last year - 작년/ 지난 해
지난해 vs 작년. 올해 vs 금년. 다음해 vs 내년. soon
Comments
Post a Comment